IS THIS THE BEGINNING OF A NEW STAGE IN THE
SOUTH AMERICAN EXPERIENCE OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE COOPERATION? |
por Félix Peña
December 2023
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Recent developments seem to indicate a trend towards
what could be the beginning of a new stage of preferential cooperation
between the countries of the South American region, especially in the
field of international trade.
The new Argentine government will face the challenge
of developing a strategy to integrate the country and its productive sectors
into international trade, both regionally and globally.
It is a strategy that, today more than ever, will require effective coordination
between all the actors involved both at the national and provincial levels.
In this regard, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will
play a key role as one of the spheres of articulation of all the actors
involved in Argentina's international integration strategy.
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Although it is still too early to make any firm assertions, recent events
seem to indicate a trend that could mark the beginning of a new stage
of preferential cooperation between the countries of the South American
region, especially in the field of international trade.
There seems to be a need for common preferential working modalities between
South American countries, which would make it possible to overcome the
concepts, schemes and approaches that have prevailed in recent decades
and are nowadays becoming obsolete.
Specifically, this could require a proper diagnosis of the experiences
that have been encountered in developing, for example, Mercosur and its
preferential trade negotiations with other South American countries, as
well as with those belonging to other geographical regions.
Clearly, this is not an exclusively South American -let alone Latin American-
phenomenon. On the contrary, it seems to be a global one and therefore
also evident in other regions. An example of this can be seen in Europe,
especially since Britain's exit from the European Union.
The difficulties encountered in recent years in the experience of negotiating
an interregional agreement between Mercosur and the European Union may
illustrate the convenience of analyzing the methods used to make the idea
of joint work between countries belonging to different regions feasible.
Especially when they have common interests and, above all, the need to
cooperate in their respective strategies for international integration.
At the time of writing, it is not yet clear whether this bi-regional
agreement could finally enter into force. Difficulties continue to be
observed on both sides of the Atlantic. However, even if it does finally
enter into force fromally, its effective implementation will require concerted
efforts that may eventually exceed those available.
Mercosur's negotiating agenda will tend to become more complex in the
future, especially if the bi-regional agreement finally enters into force
or if an alternative is found within a reasonable timeframe. The recent
incorporation of Bolivia as a full member and the need to establish more
effective links with other South American countries-including of course
those that may develop within the Latin American region-and with countries
in other regions, are only examples of the institutional efforts that
will be required from Mercosur if it aspires to play an effective role
at the international level for the benefit of its member countries.
The new Argentine government will have the challenge -among many others-
of developing a strategy for the integration of the country and its productive
sectors into international trade, both regionally and globally. It is
a strategy that, today more than ever, will require effective coordination
between all the actors involved, both at the national and provincial levels.
In this regard, a key role will be played by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
as one of the spheres of articulation of all the protagonists involved
in Argentina's international integration strategy.
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Félix Peña es Director
del Instituto de Comercio Internacional de la Fundación ICBC; Director
de la Maestría en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales de la
Universidad Nacional de Tres de Febrero (UNTREF); Miembro del Comité
Ejecutivo del Consejo Argentino para las Relaciones Internacionales (CARI).
Miembro del Brains Trust del Evian Group. Ampliar
trayectoria.
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